Your the pro, and I understood the tax credits as you explained it as well, but TurboTaxing; it the counter showed me owing $5K at the time of electric car question and then getting a $2.5K rebate after answering yes question. I didn't expect that, but submitted it that way and the feds accepted it and have issued the refund. Think they'll come looking for their $2.5K eventually?
Again whether you are entitled to a refund or owe money is not the critical question - unless you owe $7,500 or more. If you owe $7,500 or more, you will get the full Federal tax credit.
The critical question is your
TAX LIABILITY: If after tax deductions, etc. you owe $7,500 or more, then the Federal Tax credit of $7,500 will be applied against your tax liability dollar for dollar.
For example, if your tax liability is $5,000 and you have made no payments during the year, then Turbo Tax will show you owe $5,000.
$5,000 is your tax liability: The Federal Tax credit will be limited to $5,000 and you will not get a refund.
If your tax liability is $7,500 and you have made $2,500 in payments, Turbo Tax will show that you owe $5,000. You will then get the full Federal Tax Credit of $7,500: $5,000 will offset the amount your owe and $2,500 will offset the $2,500 you have paid and you will get a refund of $2,500.
Again the Federal Tax Credit of $7,500 is applied to your
TAX LIABILITY. To get the full benefit of $7,500 you must have a tax liability of $7,500 or more.
Hope this clarifies.
PS: If your tax liability is $25,000 and Turbo tax shows that you owe $5,000 then you will get the Full Federal Tax credit of $7,500: $5,000 will offset the amount Turbo Tax says you owe and the balance of $2,500 will reduce your tax liability by $2,500 hence you will get a $2,500 refund.
Another way to look at it: Against you tax liability of $25,000 you have paid $20,000 and Turbo Tax says you owe $5,000. When you apply the Federal Tax credit of $7,500 you adjusted Tax Liability has been reduced to $17,500. As you have paid $20,000 you are entitled to a refund of $2.500.